Age-related changes in cartilage - Patient Education Portal

As we age, our bodies undergo various transformations, and one critical aspect affected is our joint health. With age, it becomes harder and harder to move, stand up, or squat. Cartilage, the resilient connective tissue that cushions your joints, experiences age-related changes that can influence overall joint function.

Cartilage and Age

Cartilage is a complex tissue with a finely tuned composition and structure. Time has an impact on these essential elements, including alterations in the collagen matrix and a reduction in water content. These changes gradually compromise the flexibility and shock-absorbing capacity of cartilage.

Diminished Cartilage Regenerative Capacity

One notable aspect of age-related changes in cartilage is a reduction in its regenerative capacity. Cartilage has a limited ability to repair itself, and as we age, this capacity further diminishes. The gradual decline in the production of chondrocytes, the cells responsible for maintaining cartilage, contributes to a slower and less effective repair process.

Increased Stiffness and Decreased Resilience

The age-related alterations in cartilage composition and regenerative ability contribute to an overall increase in stiffness and a decrease in resilience. This can lead to a diminished ability of joints to withstand stress, making them more susceptible to wear and tear.

Impact on Joint Function and Mobility

The cumulative effects of age-related changes in cartilage have a direct impact on joint function and mobility. Reduced shock absorption, increased stiffness, and decreased resilience can result in joint pain, stiffness, and a decline in overall mobility. These changes become particularly noticeable in weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips.

Osteoarthritis and Age-Related Cartilage Degeneration

Osteoarthritis, a common age-related joint disorder, often involves the gradual degeneration of cartilage. The changes discussed earlier create an environment contributing to the development of osteoarthritis. As cartilage deteriorates, joints may experience inflammation, pain, and a decline in function.

As we grow older, joint health declines, alterations in cartilage composition, regenerative capacity, stiffness, and resilience collectively contribute to the aging process of joints. These changes not only impact the mechanical properties of cartilage but also play a significant role in the development of conditions like osteoarthritis.